H.R. 1048DETERRENT Act

5 recorded actionsWhat the measure does Read on Congress.gov

Sponsor: Michael Baumgartner [R-WA-05]
Cosponsors: 21 · 19 Republicans · 2 Democrats
Policy area: Education
Committees: Education and Workforce Committee, Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee
Latest action: Mar 31, 2025 · Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

IntroducedFeb 6, 2025
Passed the HouseMar 27, 2025
Passed the SenateNot yet reached
Sent to the PresidentNot yet reached
Became lawNot yet reached

What the measure doesCRS summary

This bill expands oversight and disclosure requirements related to foreign sources and institutions of higher education (IHEs).

Specifically, the bill requires an IHE to annually disclose to the Department of Education (ED) any year in which the IHE

receives a gift from a foreign country of concern (e.g., China or Russia) or foreign entity of concern of any dollar amount;
receives a gift or contract from a foreign source (other than a foreign country of concern or foreign entity of concern) that is valued at $50,000 or more, considered alone or in combination with all other gifts or contracts within a calendar year (current disclosure threshold is $250,000 or more), or which has an undetermined monetary value;
enters into a contract with a foreign country of concern or foreign entity of concern after receiving a waiver for such contract; or
is substantially controlled by a foreign source.

Additionally, the bill

prohibits IHEs from entering into contracts with a foreign country of concern or with a foreign entity of concern without obtaining a waiver,
requires certain IHEs to disclose gifts or contracts between covered individuals (e.g., researchers) and foreign sources, and
requires private IHEs with specified assets or investments to file annual investment disclosure reports.

The bill requires ED to investigate possible violations of this bill and outlines the various penalties for each violation. Penalties may include losing eligibility for federal student financial aid.

Written by the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service, describing H.R. 1048 as introduced in House on Feb 6, 2025. It is not the text of the measure; a later amendment may have changed what it does.

Roll calls on H.R. 10485 roll calls on this measure

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Mar 27, 2025Each bar: ✓ Yea from the bottom, ✕ Nay aboveMar 27, 2025

How every member votedHouse roll call 83

House Mar 27, 2025 · the primary vote

On Passage

DETERRENT Act

Passed

241 Yea 169 Nay 20 not voting

Party-line vote 32 of 410 voting members broke with their own party: 31 Democrats, 1 Republican.

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How the chamber split

One dot per member. Select a seat or a bar to filter the list.

DemocratsIndependentsRepublicansFilled: YeaRing: NayGrey: not voting or present

By party select a segment to filter

All members430 members

Democratic213 members

Independent1 member

Republican216 members

marks half of the votes cast. A party’s majority is the side most of its voting members took.

Cosponsors21 · 19 Republicans · 2 Democrats

Signing on is not a vote: a member can cosponsor H.R. 1048 and vote against it. 9 signed when it was filed.

Loading the public record

Who lobbied on H.R. 104849 organizations

Organizations that named H.R. 1048 in a lobbying disclosure. Only those that cited the bill by number appear, so this is a floor, not a full list.

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITYfiled by JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, CORNERSTONE GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, INC.

Budget/Appropriations · Health Issues · Science/Technology · Firearms/Guns/Ammunition +5 more12 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

NATIONAL ASSN OF INDEPENDENT COLLEGES & UNIVERSITIES

Education11 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION

Defense · Budget/Appropriations · Education · Health Issues +7 more9 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

Budget/Appropriations · Immigration · Science/Technology · Education +3 more9 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Immigration · Copyright/Patent/Trademark · Agriculture · Budget/Appropriations +10 more9 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES

Budget/Appropriations · Science/Technology · Education · Immigration +3 more8 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

FDD ACTION

Homeland Security · Intelligence · Banking · Defense +4 more8 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

J STREETIts PAC: Jstreetpac

Foreign Relations · Budget/Appropriations · Education · Immigration +4 more8 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEYfiled by RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY

Budget/Appropriations · Science/Technology · Taxation/Internal Revenue Code · Education +8 more8 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES

Animals · Immigration · Taxation/Internal Revenue Code · Budget/Appropriations +6 more7 filings · 3rd Quarter (July 1 - Sep 30) 2026Filing

206 disclosures name this measure. Retrieved from LDA.gov on 2026-10-25. Senate Office of Public Records cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from LDA.gov.