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This joint resolution provides that the Equal Rights Amendment, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, was ratified by three-fourths of the states and is therefore a valid constitutional amendment, regardless of any time limit that was in the original proposal.
The Equal Rights Amendment was originally proposed to the states in 1972. The original proposal included a deadline for ratification of March 22, 1979; Congress subsequently extended the deadline to June 30, 1982. Although the requisite 38 states have ratified the amendment, three of these states did so after the deadlines, and five states subsequently rescinded their ratifications. The status of the amendment has been the subject of litigation.
Written by the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service, describing S.J.Res. 4 as introduced in Senate on Jan 24, 2023. It is not the text of the measure; a later amendment may have changed what it does.
Senate Apr 27, 2023
Motion to Invoke Cloture: Motion to Proceed to S. J. Res. 4
Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Rejected
51 Yea 47 Nay 2 not voting
Party-line vote 3 of 98 voting members broke with their own party: 1 Democrat, 2 Republicans.
DemocratsIndependentsRepublicansFilled: YeaRing: NayGrey: not voting or present
100 members on this roll call, from the official Senate record. Party majorities need at least five voting members, so an independent never counts as breaking with a party.
Signing on is not a vote: a member can cosponsor S.J.Res. 4 and vote against it. 1 signed when it was filed.
Organizations that named S.J.Res. 4 in a lobbying disclosure. Only those that cited the bill by number appear, so this is a floor, not a full list.
44 disclosures name this measure. Retrieved from LDA.gov on 2026-10-04. Senate Office of Public Records cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from LDA.gov.